Choosing Words

What is a Robust Vocabulary?

• Much of the power of the AAC is the vocabulary selected and the symbols that represent them
• It must reflect what the user wants to say and not what others want to be said
• “We need to provide not just a few symbols but a wide range of symbols that represent a robust vocabulary that supports how to put words together supports them to contribute in every situation and supports them to develop into an autonomous communicator.” (Jane Farrall, 2015)
• When buying clothes for children we always tend to buy one size above the child’s actual size. Similarly, with AAC vocabulary we need to leave room for language to grow.

Core Words

• 80% of our vocabulary consists of core words
• Commonly used by people, no matter the situation, who they are talking with, or age
• Primarily consists of:
  • Pronouns
  • Verbs
  • Descriptors
  • Prepositions
  • Very FEW nouns
• Everyone uses and needs core vocabulary to communicate effectively.

Fringe Vocabulary

• Core vocabulary plays a critical role for most people with complex communication needs, but it isn’t everything! We also need fringe vocabulary.
• 20% of our vocabulary is made up of fringe words
• Used for specific activities & topics
• A large number of different words- mostly nouns
• “All learners need words that allow them to speak about the things they hold near and dear: the people/pets in their lives, favorite things, places they like to go, etc.” (PrAACtical AAC)

Prestored Phrases & Sentences

• Important for social communication when using AAC, because it’s easier and faster
• Social communication happens fast. Using pre-stored sentences in social situations makes it more likely that the person can communicate.
• Increases speed of communication by putting together social phrases and sentences like these:
  • I have something to say
  • How are you?
  • I did something fun
  • See you later, alligator

What does an effective AAC vocabulary look like?

• Mostly core words that people use every day, and…
• Some fringe vocabulary for important people, things, and activities, and…
• A few pre-stored phrases for quick social language

Symbol Sets

• Symbols used for AAC are available as collections or sets
• Typically, the word is printed above the symbol. Communication partners need to be able to see the words because they may not know what all the symbols mean
• People with visual impairments may find it easier to understand symbols with features like only black and white, line drawings, or high contrast colors